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Virgen de Altagracia (Higuey, La Altagracia, Dominican Republic)
Commemorated on January 21
In the early 1500s, Spanish gentlemen Alonso and Antonio de Trexo built haciendas near the new town of Salvaleón de Higüey, on the island of Hispaniola, some 100 miles from Santo Domingo. They brought with them a 13" x 18" painting on linen, called the Virgin of Highgrace after a beloved madonna of their homeland, but unlike the standing statue of Altagracia in Extremadura, the Dominican image depicts a Nativity scene with St. Mary gazing lovingly at the baby in the foreground and St. Joseph looking on from the background. The work has been ascribed to an unknown primitive Spanish painter of around 1500. The brothers donated this painting to the parish church, where its reputation for miracles attracted the attention of the Archbishop and Cathedral Chapter, who had it carried to Santo Domingo in a sealed trunk. But it disappeared en route, reappearing at the same time in Higüey church, where it has stayed. Travelers passing through the port of Higüey would stop to ask Our Lady of Highgrace to protect them from pirates and soon spread the devotion to Puerto Rico. In time, people forgot the de Trexos' contribution. The Virgin of Highgrace was given a fairytale origin reminiscent of Beauty and the Beast: a merchant of Higüey asks his daughters what he may bring them from his the capital; the elder requests finery, but "Girl," the younger, influenced by a dream, asks for the Virgin of Altagracia, a puzzling title of which the father has never heard. On his way home, laden with gifts for the elder daughter only, he stops to stay with some friends, who give food and lodging to a stranger the same night. Over supper the merchant tells his friends about his trouble fulfilling Girl's request. He's even asked the archbishop to no avail. The stranger, dining apart, pulls a scroll from his pack, opens it to reveal the Virgin of Highgrace, and gives it to the astonished merchant. In the morning, before anyone can thank or repay him, the mysterious stranger is gone. The Virgin of Highgrace is the Protector of the Dominican People (though the national patron is Our Lady of Mercy). Originally celebrated on the Feast of the Assumption, August 15, Our Lady of Highgrace's festival was moved to January 21 after 1690, when the Spanish defeated the French at Sabana Real on that date. On January 21, 1952, the first stone of a new Basilica was laid. The image was canonically crowned on August 15, 1922, and again on January 25, 1979 by Pope John Paul II, who personally presented the Virgin of Highgrace with a gold-plated silver diadem.
Source: http://www.wherewewalked.info/feasts/01-January/january_21.htm
http://forosdelavirgen.org/492/nuestra-senora-de-la-altagracia-republica-dominicana-21-de-enero/
Source: http://www.wherewewalked.info/feasts/01-January/january_21.htm
http://forosdelavirgen.org/492/nuestra-senora-de-la-altagracia-republica-dominicana-21-de-enero/
History
The Dominican Republic has two strong Marian devotions: Our Lady of Mercy, proclaimed in 1616, during the colonial era, Patron, and the Virgin of Altagracia, People and Humane Heart Queen Dominicans. Her children fondly called "Tatica the Higuey."
His Basilica in Higuey or simply Higuey, Dominican Republic City, capital of the province of La Altagracia.
There are historical documents prove that in 1502, on the island of Santo Domingo, was worshiped the Blessed Virgin under the title of Our Lady of Altagracia.
The date of January 21 originates in the Battle of Savannah Real Limonade won by Dominicans against French troops in the year 1691. Meriño The bishop got this party was a party across the country. So today is not only in the religious sphere but is a civil holiday level throughout the Dominican Republic.
FIRST TRADITION. possibly The dedication comes from the Spanish town of Garrovillas (Cáceres), although it also points the Siruela (Badajoz). Both populations have the Virgin of Altagracia as patron paths and chapels dedicated to her. Another fact that points the Extremadura region is that Nicolas de Ovando was born in Brozas (about 10 km from Garrovillas) and also served as Commander of Lares (distant 11 kilometers of Siruela) before reaching the Spanish Governor of the Indies in 1502 .
. SECOND TRADITION In his account of the year 1650, Canon Luis Geronimo de Alcocer says:
"The MIRACULOSA Ymagen of Our Lady of High Grace is in the town of Higuey, as treynta leagues desta City of Santo Domingo are countless mercies Our Lord God worked and work with every day that your Holy Ymagen entrusting: has the continously to this island two natural Gentlemen of Placencia, in Extremadura, named Alonso and Antonio de Trexo who were early settlers desta ysla , people nobles as consisting of a charter of King Don Felipe First year of 1506, in which instructed the Governor of this island that fits and take it, and miracles aviendo esperimentado some avia done with them to put more veneration in the parish yglesia Higuey, where they were neighbors and had estates. "
"It seems that God does not want our Lord to leave that town because the principles embiaron for her the Archbishop and the Cathedral Chapter of disappeared and where the ark vn traian closed with reverence and care and time mesmo appeared in his yglecia of Higüei where used to be, is painted in a very thin canvas and half a yard long painting is born is Our Lady with the Child Jesus and St. Joseph in front behind. "
"And with aver so long has vivid colors and painting as fresh, they go in pilgrimage to this holy Ymagen of Our Lady of High Grace all ysla and parts of India that are more serca and every day you see a lot be so many miracles that are verified or not escriven, some in gratitude, make paint on the walls and other parts of the yglecia and be ay least not room for more, there are many that are made lismosnas this holy yglesia and so is well provided of ornaments and has many silver lamps in front of their holy Ymagen ".
THIRD TRADITION. Nuestra Señora de Altagracia, was seen in a dream by a young woman in Higuey , (so Pepen Bishop Juan tells in his book "Where the orange blossomed").
More than three centuries ago, when still in the plains and forests of Hicayagua remains of the indigenous race were, lived with his family in the regions of Duey, one of the early Spanish settlers, who enjoyed good fortune and enjoyed deserved fame and appreciation and esteem of the high dignitaries of the colony.
It was customary, in designated times, making trips to this city Ozam, with the primary purpose of selling their livestock to provide themselves with the necessities of your home.
Once, and early January, the good father undertook one of those trips, bringing the charge of his two daughters, both young, in the prime of life: one, most cheerful and much given to amusements, but innocent habits, asked him to carry dresses, ribbons, lace and other dressings, the other only in the fourteen springs of life, and who called the girl in those villages, was, however, of collected mind, delivered religious practices, which were the most pleased, his father instructed the Virgin of Altagracia . Strange was to him, he had never heard of such a Virgin, the request of his daughter, but even so, she said the encounter on his journey.
Return to their farms, with gifts of the eldest daughter, loving father bore the deep regret of not having the Virgin of Altagracia for the Girl. Habíala searched everywhere and not finding the requested of the Canons of the council and even the Archbishop himself, who answered him that there was no such invocation.
Passing The Two Rivers, spent the night in the house of an old friend. In this traffic, late at night, eating dinner together as a family, referring the case of unknown Lady, said the traveler guest the feeling of showing up at his house without wearing a custom that had made him his favorite daughter. At the time, an old man with white beard, who had asked leave him spend the night, from the remote corner where he sat, stood and, with advancing to the table of diners, said: "What is not there is the Virgin of Altagracia ? ". I bring with me. And reaching for his wallet, pulled out the parchment and unfolded painting on canvas of a lovely image was that of Mary worshiping a newborn who was on his feet in a crib. More then the lucky father, seeing realized the ideal of his fervent daughter, reiterated his promises to the generous stranger, inviting him to pass his house when he wanted to receive the reward of your donation. Hatching the dawn of the new day, the joyful family awoke, and what was his surprise to find and not find anywhere the mysterious appeared.
According to tradition, the pious maiden accompanied several people received his father on the spot where now stands the Sanctuary of Higuey , and full of joy in their salutations, that he gave his daughter the much awaited gift.
She, at the foot of the orange that is still preserved despite centuries showed that competing on January 21, your dream image, from that moment, it was established the revered cult of the Virgin of Altagracia, confused in their beginning with the name of the "Virgen de la Niña". Is America's oldest Marian shrine. Initially a poor church, made of palm fronds and palms tables was constructed. Soon people began to having a special appreciation to the table. The large number of pilgrims made a new church was built of stone in 1572, the great Basilica that now blanket the painting was begun in 1946 and opened in 1971.
The Basilica of Our Lady of Altagracia is located in the city of Higuey in the Dominican Republic, being the eponymous cathedral in the province of La Altagracia.
This solid construction that has stood immovable as a rock all weather, has a single nave, sober, with domed ceiling, holding five arches, of elegant simplicity and sturdiness.
The dome forms a complete orange average and a seashell shelters the place that occupies the high altar. A star formed of stone is the decoration of the dome, the arches look beautiful rosettes embedded in series.
The altar in its center the silver niche that keeps the Holy Altar stands, is a work of art of the sixteenth century, magnificent, executed in rich mahogany carved by hand. The jump table looks artistic front silver metal which also covers the stands and the Tabernacle.
The exterior of the temple is simple, and the tower or bell tower, of scarce elevation, that keeps sonorous bells donated by the pious gentleman Mr. Joaquín Alfáu in 1864, who also gave the marble floor of the temple in the year 1876.
The Sanctuary priceless treasures of historical value items, which are always object of curiosity of visitors, among others are mainly: the frame of gold and silver of the Virgin, inlaid with precious stones, standing on it's rich emerald surrounded by bright, His Holiness Pius X gave the Archbishop Adolfo Alejandro Nouel on the occasion of his election as President, and that that illustrious prelate donated the Virgin of Altagracia as sure token of his love and devotion unblemished, a gigantic and artistic Golden custody colonial era, an elegant throne of plant with inlays and gold bells 1811 to take the procession of the Sacred Picture of the Virgin, a flamboyant script silver gift of the President of the Royal Audiencia of Santo Domingo in the year of 1737, gold and silver also one viatical holder, a crucifix, two chalices and goblets, six yards of the canopy, cross and parochial candlesticks, candelabras and vases, and other objects of worship of ancient silver.
Today the jewel of greater historical, religious, spiritual and material available to the sanctuary, is the beautiful crown of gold and precious stones, topped with a cross of diamonds that maintain two angels of solid gold, seven edges of weight, which was made with gold and jewels donated by the Dominican Town for its Canonical and Papal Coronation, celebrated on the Altar of the Fatherland on 15 August 1922. Description
The picture of Our Lady of Altagracia is 33 inches wide by 45 high. It was probably painted in Seville in the first fifteen years of the sixteenth century (ie between 1500 and 1515), and is arguably School Alejo Fernández.
The painting, showing a scene of the Nativity, has had five major restorations, the last in 1978, now being able to appreciate its beauty and its original color, for time, with its harsh, the smoke from the candles and chafing hands of devotees, had significantly altered the surface of the painting almost beyond recognition.
On a thin cloth is painted the scene of the birth of Jesus, the Virgin, beautiful and serene occupies the center of the table and his eyes full of sweetness goes to the nearly naked boy resting on the straw of the manger. The mantle covers a star-spangled blue and white scapular closes her dresses ahead.
Lady of Altagracia wears the colors of the Dominican flag anticipating national identity. Her head, framed by a glow and twelve stars, holding a golden crown placed gently added to the original painting. Slightly removed back San Jose humbly notes, looking over the right shoulder of his wife, and the other side the star of Bethlehem shines shy and discreet.
It is a visual expression of the dogma of the "Divine Maternity". Mary is the Mother of God. Hence the title of "Altagracia" Grace for the highest ever given to a human being is to be the Mother of God.
While it is an explanation of the dogma of "Perpetual Virginity". Mary is a virgin before, during and after giving birth to Jesus. So, the picture makes us eyewitnesses to the birth. What looks like an apron is the "shaft snow whiter than light." The Messiah transferred without damaging in any way to Altagracia who collected and kneeling, gazing tenderly is the Son of God.
With a nod also invites us to kneel in front of the manger, and together worship the baby Jesus.
The picture is also an icon. There is an element, a color or a relationship that has no meaning. Indeed there are 62 different symbols in the table . You can meditate on the following:
The Star of Bethlehem (Christmas is) has eight points (symbol of heaven) with two rays extending to the manger: Father God is blessing His Son.
Above the Virgin are twelve stars (the tribes of Israel are and, simultaneously, the apostles of Jesus). Mary is the bridge between the Old and New Testament.
About Mary is a glow (cf. Revelation 12, 1). She wears a crown for being the Queen of Heaven, and a veil on her head because she is married. She is dressed in red, because it is a human being, and covered with white being conceived without sin. Take a heavenly blue cloak sprinkled with stars because "the power of the Most High will come upon you."
San Jose is dressed backwards. has blue holiness hidden under a red cloak being of this world, and brings to light a candle for his wife, and material needs of which is employer.
The baby Jesus is sleeping (and is dead) but wake up (and rise) on a crib that is, at once, an altar (and his tomb).
Back column is a sign that we are in a temple. The cave is a temple because there dwells God himself: the baby Jesus.
The slits in the roof , above left, tell us that the world is declining, but Jesus came to restore.
The frame that holds the box is possibly the most refined expression of Dominican jewelry. An unknown artist of the eighteenth century built this marvel of gold, precious stones and enamels, probably using for this some of the gems that devotees have offered to the Virgin as a testimony of gratitude.
Approval
Since the early 17th century, and perhaps a little earlier, the devotion to the Virgen de la Altagracia went to Puerto Rico, specifically Coamo. Travellers who moved from the island of Santo Domingo to Puerto Rico did the "port of Higuey "(Boca de Yuma) and crossing the Mona Passage to reach the port of San Germán. Fearing pirates who frequented these seas and boats while waiting in the "port Higuey", travelers flocked to the shrine of the Virgin of Altagracia in the town of Higuey, imploring his protection against the dangers of the sea and pirates .
Antonio Cuesta Mendoza writes in the second volume of his Ecclesiastical History of Puerto Rico: "From ancient times had to haver devotees in this title as and for 1647 they had erected a private chapel [in the village of San Blas in Coamo]". In fact, there is evidence that this chapel was already built by the year 1622, or possibly earlier.
The January 21, 1692 Mass was celebrated to give thanks to Altagracia for having protected volunteers Higuey and El Seibo who, a year earlier, had participated in the fierce and bloody battle of "La Limonade". All returned home safe and sound without any scratch. It was an obvious miracle.
In the same 1692 Archbishop Lorenzo Isidoro Rodriguez wrote a letter "to all the faithful, shelves and residents, neighbors and inhabitants of this our archdiocese" where for the first time an ecclesiastical authority approving appears good and valid as the feast of January 21 commemorating the "miracle."
Today there are at least a religious "service" in the basilica promises daily to receive and record the miracles granted through the intercession of Altagracia.
In the early twentieth century, Archbishop Arturo de Merino, Archbishop of Santo Domingo, asked the Holy See to grant Own Divine Office and Mass for the feast of Our Lady of Altagracia also begging to be as fast of Obligation 21 January. The motion was approved and the grant is effective throughout the Archdiocese of Santo Domingo.
The image of Our Lady of Altagracia had the special privilege of being crowned twice, on August 15, 1922, in the pontificate of Pius XI and Pope John Paul II, who during his visit to the island of Santo Domingo the January 25, 1979, personally crowned the image with a diadem of gilded silver, his personal gift to the Virgin, first evangelization of the Americas. John Paul II also visited the Virgin in the Basilica in Higuey.
At present, there is hardly a Dominican family where a testament to the intercession of "Tatica" Our Lady of Altagracia is found.
Prayers
¡Madre de Dios! ¡Virgen de la Altagracia! Muestra los caminos del Enmanuel, nuestro Salvador, a todos tus hijos e hijas en el Continente de la esperanza para que, en este V Centenario de la Evangelización, la fe recibida se haga fecunda en obras de justicia, de paz y de amor. Amen
HOMILÍA DEL SANTO PADRE JUAN PABLO II
Higüey, República Dominicana
Lunes 12 de octubre de 1992
Mother of God!Virgen de la Altagracia! Show the path to Emmanuel, our Savior, all to all your sons and daughters in the continent of hope for in this fifth Centenary of Evangelization, the faith received is made fruitful in works of justice, peace and love.
HOMILY OF JOHN PAUL II
Higuey, Dominican Republic
Monday October 12, 1992